Dialogic Design Science - User contributions [en]

Wisdom as Skillful Interpretation: Scriptural Appropriation and the Hermeneutics of Recovery

2020-12-02T16:53:10Z

Chief ed:

[[Michael Legaspi]]

<youtube width="400" height="220">ElScaeKwGog</youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220">x--RA6pcufk</youtube>

==Short Definition==

Wisdom as Skillful Interpretation: Scriptural Appropriation and the Hermeneutics of Recovery. This study presents wisdom as a pragmatic, cultural endeavor rooted in social identity while acknowledging cognitive and intuitive approaches as well as communal and individual understandings of wisdom.

==Summary Points==

#Wisdom as Skillful Interpretation: Scriptural Appropriation and the Hermeneutics of Recovery
#The Bible operates at two levels in the formation of wisdom
#This study presents wisdom as a pragmatic, cultural endeavor rooted in social identity, while acknowledging cognitive and intuitive approaches as well as communal and individual understandings of wisdom
#Wisdom brings practical intelligence into the compass of larger aspirations for human flourishing. It is the skill of living well. But because it is an acquired skill, wisdom has a necessary historical dimension
#The purpose of this project is to examine biblical interpretation itself as a strategic, wisdom-seeking activity undertaken in various historical and cultural contexts. It will offer new analytical tools and proposals for the renewal of contemporary scriptural interpretation
#An extensive series of formal case studies conducted according to specific criteria lies at the center of this project
#Given the distinctively communal character of wisdom, this project will concentrate upon communities of interpretation rather than on renowned individuals (as most histories of interpretation do)
#It will offer a systematic understanding of groups as such, attending to important factors like social location, significant institutions, linguistic orientation, religious tradition, historical pressures, and cultural aspirations.
#this project seeks to harvest insights from the history of interpretation which may inform and renew contemporary practice.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The Bible operates at two levels in the formation of wisdom: 1) as the authoritative basis for large conceptual frameworks that organize metaphysics, morality, and communal identity; and 2) as a public site for referencing ideas, re-describing beliefs, and evaluating new information in light of practical challenges. This study presents wisdom as a pragmatic, cultural endeavor rooted in social identity, while acknowledging cognitive and intuitive approaches as well as communal and individual understandings of wisdom. Further work is required to understand, in theoretical terms, how the textual and scriptural properties of the Bible mediate knowledge and insight identifiable with wisdom.

Wisdom as Interpretive Skill: Scriptural Appropriation and the Hermeneutics of Recovery

Wisdom brings practical intelligence into the compass of larger aspirations for human flourishing. It is the skill of living well. But because it is an acquired skill, wisdom has a necessary historical dimension. It seeks contact with what cultural forebears achieved, learned, and desired. A key question in the acquisition of wisdom, then, is how to appropriate knowledge of the past in ways that allow the community to meet new challenges and to use knowledge of the past to secure contemporary moral, social, and intellectual goods. There is, then, an inescapable hermeneutical dimension to the quest for wisdom, a need for the creative appropriation of inherited practices and ideas. The importance of the Bible for Western culture can hardly be overstated. Its status as the repository of wisdom for the greater part of Western history, likewise, can scarcely be refuted. A systematic study of biblical interpretation—with its many ramifications throughout the political, intellectual, and religious life of Europe and the Middle East over the course of two millennia— affords the investigator a unique opportunity to examine manifold efforts to appropriate inherited knowledge in socially, morally, and culturally constructive ways. The purpose of this project is to examine biblical interpretation itself as a strategic, wisdom-seeking activity undertaken in various historical and cultural contexts. It will offer new analytical tools and proposals for the renewal of contemporary scriptural interpretation. An extensive series of formal case studies conducted according to specific criteria lies at the center of this project. Given the distinctively communal character of wisdom, this project will concentrate upon communities of interpretation rather than on renowned individuals (as most histories of interpretation do). It will offer a systematic understanding of groups as such, attending to important factors like social location, significant institutions, linguistic orientation, religious tradition, historical pressures, and cultural aspirations. Using new analytical tools, it will show how interpreters in communities appropriated biblical texts and ideas in order to respond to historical pressures and achieve goals vital to the group. In addition to the creation of new disciplinary tools for the evaluation and historical study of interpretation as a wisdom-seeking activity, this project seeks to harvest insights from the history of interpretation which may inform and renew contemporary practice.

Thus far, Legaspi has examined materials for one of the project’s case studies on biblical interpretation as developed by Pietists and Enlightenment thinkers in eighteenth century German contexts. This case study features a comparison of two distinct but related groups attempting to recover the Bible as wisdom in self-consciously post‐confessional environments. It shows, moreover, a surprising level of continuity between the two groups, especially in the ways that each used forms of historical criticism to create a conceptual separation between the culturally contingent outer “shell” of the biblical traditions and a critically purified inner core believed to be directly relevant to modern culture. The Pietist project was based on a promethean, missionizing vision of world reform. The Enlightenment project included a cultural appropriation of biblical materials motivated, above all, by theologial and political irenicism. In coming to this conclusion, Legaspi has compiled notes on primary and secondary materials, which will form the basis for an article‐length treatment.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Theory of Reflective Equilibrium

2020-12-02T16:46:55Z

Chief ed:

The concept of '''Reflective Equilibrium''' refers to a process by which we try to figure out how we know if something is morally right or not and whether our beliefs about what is moral are consistent<ref>Reflective Equilibrium, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reflective-equilibrium</ref>

We usually examine our moral judgments about a particular issue by looking for their coherence with our beliefs about similar cases and our beliefs about a broader range of moral and factual issues. In this everyday practice, we seek for “reflective equilibrium” among these various beliefs as a way of clarifying for ourselves just what we ought to do. We may also try to persuade ourselves that our conclusions are justifiable. Reflective equilibrium is the end-point of a deliberative process in which we reflect on and revise our beliefs about an area of inquiry, moral or non-moral. The method of reflective equilibrium can be carried out by individuals acting separately or together. In the latter case, the method is dialogical and agreement among participants may or may not be accompanied by a search for coherence. <ref>"Reflective Equilibrium: Definition & Examples." Study.com, 28 February 2017, study.com/academy/lesson/reflective-equilibrium-definition-examples.html </ref>

{{Reflist}}

<references />

User talk:Sofia Polychronaki

2020-12-02T16:38:57Z

Chief ed: Welcome!

'''Welcome to ''Dialogic Design Science''!'''
We hope you will contribute much and well.
You will probably want to read the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents help pages].
Again, welcome and have fun! [[User:Chief ed|Chief ed]] ([[User talk:Chief ed|talk]]) 09:38, 2 December 2020 (MST)

User:Sofia Polychronaki

2020-12-02T16:38:57Z

Chief ed: Creating user page for new user.

I am a 21 year old Greek Psychology student at University of Nicosia. I like reading and writing articles and I am a member of PSI-Chi, which is the International Honor Society in Psychology, and content contributor in a Greek online magazine. Moreover, I am a volunteer, who wants to fight against domestic violence.

Theory of Reflective Equilibrium

2020-12-02T16:38:24Z

Chief ed:

The concept of '''reflective equilibrium''' refers to a process by which we try to figure out how we know if something is morally right or not and whether our beliefs about what is moral are consistent<ref>Reflective Equilibrium, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reflective-equilibrium</ref>

"Reflective Equilibrium: Definition & Examples." Study.com, 28 February 2017, study.com/academy/lesson/reflective-equilibrium-definition-examples.html

{{Reflist}}

<references />

Theory of Reflective Equilibrium

2020-12-02T16:34:04Z

Chief ed:

Theory of Reflective Equilibrium

2020-12-02T16:33:03Z

Chief ed: Created page with "The concept of '''reflective equilibrium''' refers to a process by which we try to figure out how we know if something is morally right or not and whether our beliefs about wh..."

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom

2020-12-02T16:10:46Z

Chief ed: /* Components of wisdom */

[[Valerie Tiberius]]

<youtube width="400" height="220">w0CaLo69oDk</youtube>

==Short Definition==

This project defines wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.

==Summary Points==

#The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project.
#To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical methods.
#This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.
#Α refined understanding of wisdom will emerge.
#Tiberius began her work to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection

==Components of wisdom==
[[Implicit Theory|Implicit theories]] reveal four essential components of wisdom
# Deep understanding
# Reflective capacities
# Problem-solving capacities
# Motivation to live well and help others

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project. The proposed methodology begins with psychological research on the folk theory of wisdom. The folk theory is elaborated in light of theoretical desiderata and further empirical research on human rational capacities. This methodology is an updated version of Aristotle’s method for arriving at ethical conclusions and the resulting theory of practical wisdom is Aristotelian in spirit, though not in detail. A central question for future research is about the relationship between values and wisdom. Aristotle could presume widely shared agreement about some values. What should contemporary wisdom theorists do if such a presumption is no longer warranted?

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom
To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical (specifically psychological) methods. In particular, we need a kind of thinking that draws out the implications of our evaluative commitments and weaves them together into a coherent story or normative theory. We need this kind of thinking in the case of wisdom because wisdom must turn out to be something worth having, something we have good reason to try to develop in ourselves, and something that contributes to living a flourishing life in a deep sense. This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories. Through analysis of the empirical work and sustained collaborative conversation with psychologists, a refined understanding of wisdom will emerge. The goals of this project are then twofold: first, it aims to develop, refine and elaborate a conception of wisdom and its psychological foundations; and second, it aims to explore the ways in which philosophical and empirical methods of inquiry can be usefully brought together by using wisdom as a case study.

Tiberius began her work with two graduate students to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection. One student, Jason Swartwood read and summarized key articles on value clarification, values‐as‐truisms, dumbfounding, debiasing, and implicit theories of wisdom. The other student, MaryEllen VanDerHeyden, read and summarized work on mindfulness, cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and emotional intelligence. This team effort has resulted in a reconceptualization of the project’s methodology, and a recognition that writing a paper on the methodology philosophers interested in defining wisdom ought to use must be a priority. Tiberius and Swartwood have begun work on this paper, which will be presented during the summer 2009 at a conference in Bled, Slovenia. Tiberius and VanDerHeyden have begun work on a paper on wisdom and emotion, which they will complete over the summer as well. In addition to these team efforts, Tiberius presented her paper, “Wisdom and Work”, at Colorado College, Macalester College and at Fordham University’s Wisdom Workshop in April 2009. She also plans to co‐edit (with Eddy Nahmias) a volume tentatively entitled, Wisdom: Readings from Philosophy and Psychology.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom

2020-12-02T16:08:59Z

Chief ed: /* Components of wisdom */

[[Valerie Tiberius]]

<youtube width="400" height="220">w0CaLo69oDk</youtube>

==Short Definition==

This project defines wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.

==Summary Points==

#The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project.
#To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical methods.
#This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.
#Α refined understanding of wisdom will emerge.
#Tiberius began her work to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection

==Components of wisdom==
[[Implicit theories|Implicit Theory]] reveal four essential components of wisdom
# Deep understanding
# Reflective capacities
# Problem-solving capacities
# Motivation to live well and help others

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project. The proposed methodology begins with psychological research on the folk theory of wisdom. The folk theory is elaborated in light of theoretical desiderata and further empirical research on human rational capacities. This methodology is an updated version of Aristotle’s method for arriving at ethical conclusions and the resulting theory of practical wisdom is Aristotelian in spirit, though not in detail. A central question for future research is about the relationship between values and wisdom. Aristotle could presume widely shared agreement about some values. What should contemporary wisdom theorists do if such a presumption is no longer warranted?

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom
To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical (specifically psychological) methods. In particular, we need a kind of thinking that draws out the implications of our evaluative commitments and weaves them together into a coherent story or normative theory. We need this kind of thinking in the case of wisdom because wisdom must turn out to be something worth having, something we have good reason to try to develop in ourselves, and something that contributes to living a flourishing life in a deep sense. This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories. Through analysis of the empirical work and sustained collaborative conversation with psychologists, a refined understanding of wisdom will emerge. The goals of this project are then twofold: first, it aims to develop, refine and elaborate a conception of wisdom and its psychological foundations; and second, it aims to explore the ways in which philosophical and empirical methods of inquiry can be usefully brought together by using wisdom as a case study.

Tiberius began her work with two graduate students to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection. One student, Jason Swartwood read and summarized key articles on value clarification, values‐as‐truisms, dumbfounding, debiasing, and implicit theories of wisdom. The other student, MaryEllen VanDerHeyden, read and summarized work on mindfulness, cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and emotional intelligence. This team effort has resulted in a reconceptualization of the project’s methodology, and a recognition that writing a paper on the methodology philosophers interested in defining wisdom ought to use must be a priority. Tiberius and Swartwood have begun work on this paper, which will be presented during the summer 2009 at a conference in Bled, Slovenia. Tiberius and VanDerHeyden have begun work on a paper on wisdom and emotion, which they will complete over the summer as well. In addition to these team efforts, Tiberius presented her paper, “Wisdom and Work”, at Colorado College, Macalester College and at Fordham University’s Wisdom Workshop in April 2009. She also plans to co‐edit (with Eddy Nahmias) a volume tentatively entitled, Wisdom: Readings from Philosophy and Psychology.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom

2020-12-02T16:05:11Z

Chief ed:

[[Valerie Tiberius]]

<youtube width="400" height="220">w0CaLo69oDk</youtube>

==Short Definition==

This project defines wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.

==Summary Points==

#The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project.
#To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical methods.
#This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories.
#Α refined understanding of wisdom will emerge.
#Tiberius began her work to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection

==Components of wisdom==
Implicit theories reveal four essential components of wisdom
# Deep understanding
# Reflective capacities
# Problem-solving capacities
# Motivation to live well and help others

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The articulation of an interdisciplinary methodology for defining wisdom is the most important result of this project. The proposed methodology begins with psychological research on the folk theory of wisdom. The folk theory is elaborated in light of theoretical desiderata and further empirical research on human rational capacities. This methodology is an updated version of Aristotle’s method for arriving at ethical conclusions and the resulting theory of practical wisdom is Aristotelian in spirit, though not in detail. A central question for future research is about the relationship between values and wisdom. Aristotle could presume widely shared agreement about some values. What should contemporary wisdom theorists do if such a presumption is no longer warranted?

The Psychological Foundations of Reflective Wisdom
To define wisdom, we need both philosophical and empirical (specifically psychological) methods. In particular, we need a kind of thinking that draws out the implications of our evaluative commitments and weaves them together into a coherent story or normative theory. We need this kind of thinking in the case of wisdom because wisdom must turn out to be something worth having, something we have good reason to try to develop in ourselves, and something that contributes to living a flourishing life in a deep sense. This project develops a definition of wisdom by using psychological research on the implicit theories of wisdom together with philosophical reflection on the underlying assumptions behind these theories. Through analysis of the empirical work and sustained collaborative conversation with psychologists, a refined understanding of wisdom will emerge. The goals of this project are then twofold: first, it aims to develop, refine and elaborate a conception of wisdom and its psychological foundations; and second, it aims to explore the ways in which philosophical and empirical methods of inquiry can be usefully brought together by using wisdom as a case study.

Tiberius began her work with two graduate students to investigate psychological research relevant to philosophical conceptions of wisdom that emphasize reasons and reflection. One student, Jason Swartwood read and summarized key articles on value clarification, values‐as‐truisms, dumbfounding, debiasing, and implicit theories of wisdom. The other student, MaryEllen VanDerHeyden, read and summarized work on mindfulness, cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and emotional intelligence. This team effort has resulted in a reconceptualization of the project’s methodology, and a recognition that writing a paper on the methodology philosophers interested in defining wisdom ought to use must be a priority. Tiberius and Swartwood have begun work on this paper, which will be presented during the summer 2009 at a conference in Bled, Slovenia. Tiberius and VanDerHeyden have begun work on a paper on wisdom and emotion, which they will complete over the summer as well. In addition to these team efforts, Tiberius presented her paper, “Wisdom and Work”, at Colorado College, Macalester College and at Fordham University’s Wisdom Workshop in April 2009. She also plans to co‐edit (with Eddy Nahmias) a volume tentatively entitled, Wisdom: Readings from Philosophy and Psychology.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Implicit Theory

2020-12-02T16:01:29Z

Chief ed: Created page with " '''Implicit theories''' are “people's basic assumptions about themselves and their world” (Dweck, 1996, p. 69 In contrast to scientific theories, laypersons' theories are..."

'''Implicit theories''' are “people's basic assumptions about themselves and their world” (Dweck, 1996, p. 69 In contrast to scientific theories, laypersons' theories are often implicit in the sense that their holders are not aware of them and how they affect their behavior.

Implicit theories are best understood by contrasting them with the explicit theories, which are held by scientists and researchers. The latter are explicit in the sense that they must be articulated so they can be shared (via presentations and publications) and tested (via hypotheses and research). For these reasons they must be made explicit. Implicit theories, on the other hand, need not be articulated, shared, nor tested. They are personal, though stable.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/implicit-theory

Plaks, J. E. (2017). Implicit theories: Assumptions that shape social and moral cognition. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 56, pp. 259-310). Academic Press.

Dweck, C. S. (1996). Implicit theories as organizers of goals and behavior. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action: Linking cognition and motivation to behavior (p. 69–90). The Guilford Press.

Free Will and Wisdom in the Age of the Mind Sciences

2020-11-05T08:16:06Z

Chief ed:

[[Eddy Nahmias]]

<youtube width="400" height="220">3wdExmO4YNc</youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220">Am3PMRd9aaA</youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220">INR-BhxA6hs</youtube>

==Short Definition==

Free Will and Wisdom in the Age of the Mind Sciences. This inquiry continues to explore the connections between the capacities required for free will and those required for practical wisdom; the ways that psychology and neuroscience can help to explain these capacities; and the ways that these sciences may suggest limitations to humans’ possession of them. The relevance of this scientific research depends crucially on the target conception or theory of free will or wisdom.

==Summary Points==

#Free Will and Wisdom in the Age of the Mind Sciences
#This inquiry continues to explore the connections between the capacities required for free will and those required for practical wisdom; the ways that psychology and neuroscience can help to explain these capacities; and the ways that these sciences may suggest limitations to humans’ possession of them. #The relevance of this scientific research depends crucially on the target conception or theory of free will or wisdom.
#This project has three objectives. The first objective is to complete a book manuscript that develops several novel arguments. The second objective is to develop and teach a Seminar on the Philosophy and Psychology of Wisdom. The third objective is to develop experimental studies on people’s conceptions of wisdom.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

This inquiry continues to explore the connections between the capacities required for free will and those required for practical wisdom; the ways that psychology and neuroscience can help to explain these capacities; and the ways that these sciences may suggest limitations to humans’ possession of them. The relevance of this scientific research depends crucially on the target conception or theory of free will or wisdom. As a continuation of what conception of free will ordinary people appear to have, future study will explore folk intuitions about wisdom, and consider how they relate to the Aristotelian conception as well as other views of wisdom from philosophy and psychology.

Free Will and Wisdom in the Age of the Mind Sciences

This project has three objectives. The first objective is to complete a book manuscript that develops several novel arguments. In Rediscovering Free Will Nahmias argues for refocusing the philosophical debates about free will away from deadlocked debates about determinism to examine potential threats to freedom, wisdom, and responsibility from various sciences of the mind. He explains why determinism should be distinguished from the ‘bypassing threats’ to free will posed by these sciences. He then develops a theory of free will as a set of cognitive and volitional capacities tied to self-knowledge and wisdom. Like wisdom, agents possess and exercise these capacities to varying degrees. Nahmias then examines how the sciences of the mind bear on questions about free will and wisdom. He discusses research in social psychology and neuroscience that challenges the degree to which we possess the requisite capacities. But he also explores responses to these threats and examines scientific research that helps to explain, rather than explain away, our free will. The book frames the free will debate in a new way, better situating it for empirical investigation. Nahmias’ second objective is to develop and teach a Seminar on the Philosophy and Psychology of Wisdom. The course will cover historical literature from philosophers (e.g., Aristotle, Aquinas, Spinoza) and from religious traditions. It will then consider more recent literature in philosophy and psychology (e.g., on expertise and positive psychology) and discuss connections between the traditional and contemporary accounts of wisdom and potential methods for developing wisdom in individuals and cultures. Students will discuss connections between wisdom and free will and scientific research that threatens them as well as research that helps to explain them. The third objective is to develop experimental studies on people’s conceptions of wisdom. Mapping the various ways people conceive of wisdom is an important step in attempts to systematically study the cognitive and neurobiological systems involved in wisdom and the methods for developing wisdom in individuals and groups.
As Nahmias continues his research on relevant work in neuroscience and psychology, his primary focus has been on his book, Rediscovering Free Will. He completed the Introduction, which sets up the organization of the book and explains why the traditional philosophical debates need to be reconsidered in light of recent scientific challenges to free will. Chapter 1 is in progress and outlines arguments against the incompatibility of free will and determinism. For instance, Nahmias develops an error theory for incompatibilist intuitions based on the common confusion of determinism with the reductionism and epiphenomenalism that are suggested by scientific claims about human decision-making. Nahmias also initiated a new set of studies on people’s intuitions about free will, the results of which will be incorporated into Chapter 2. Last February, Nahmias presented an overview of the book’s central arguments in a talk, “Scientific Challenges to Free Will,” at the American Philosophical Association meeting in Chicago. In addition to his book manuscript, he plans to co-edit (with Valerie Tiberius) a volume tentatively entitled, Wisdom: Readings from Philosophy and Psychology.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Wisdom and the Life Story: How Life Experiences Foster Wisdom

2020-09-28T08:41:53Z

Chief ed:

==Judith Glück==

<youtube width="400" height="220">cP0V_xnqPjU</youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220">B9cSIzUcnEs</youtube>

==Short Definition==
Wisdom develops through the challenges one faces as part of the human experience.

==Summary Points==

#"Wisdom and the Life Story" looks at how life events and challenges aid in the development of wisdom.
#The current main goal is to develop categories for content-coding of the interview transcripts in order to test predictions concerning the MORE wisdom model.
#Surprisingly, hardly any empirical studies have investigated how wisdom develops through the challenges one faces as part of the human experience. The current project is the first psychological study of the development of wisdom in the context of individual lives.
#The theoretical foundation of the study is the MORE Wisdom model
#In short, the model proposes that four personal resources interact with challenging life experience to foster the emergence of wisdom: a sense of Mastery, Openness to experience, a Reflective attitude, and Emotion regulation skills.
#Wise participants are expected to show higher levels of the four MORE resources than control participants in how they describe life challenges, how they have dealt with them, and how they have integrated them in their life stories.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

"Wisdom and the Life Story" looks at how life events and challenges aid in the development of wisdom. Though the data collection for the project is still underway, it currently has two main findings: 1) Participant scores in multiple measures of wisdom are virtually uncorrelated, so project members are working on a heuristic for deciding which nominees to consider wise; and 2) Individuals nominated on account of being wise tend to have less stereotypical, more reflection-based views of the events of their lives. The current main goal is to develop categories for content-coding of the interview transcripts in order to test predictions concerning the MORE wisdom model. This model predicts wise participants will possess a heightened sense of Mastery, Openness to experience, a Reflective attitude, and Emotion regulation skills.

Wisdom and the Life Story: How Life Experiences Foster Wisdom
Why do certain individuals develop high levels of wisdom in the course of their lives, while others do not? What is the role of life events and challenges in the development of wisdom? Understanding how wisdom emerges in individuals’ lives is critical for refining scholarly theories, but also lays the foundation for engendering wisdom through intervention in educational, healthcare, and business settings. Surprisingly, hardly any empirical studies have investigated how wisdom develops through the challenges one faces as part of the human experience. The current project is the first psychological study of the development of wisdom in the context of individual lives. The theoretical foundation of the study is the MORE Wisdom model that Judith Glück and her collaborator Susan Bluck have derived from a review of the literature on wisdom and related fields such as growth from negative experiences. In short, the model proposes that four personal resources interact with challenging life experience to foster the emergence of wisdom: a sense of Mastery, Openness to experience, a Reflective attitude, and Emotion regulation skills. Wise individuals approach their individual life challenges with higher levels of these resources, and through dealing with challenges wisely, the resources and wisdom itself are developed further. In order to test the MORE Wisdom model empirically, forty individuals will be recruited who fulfill high standards of wisdom; they are nominated by others as wise and score high on standard measures of wisdom. They will be compared to forty age- and gender-matched control participants who perform in the typical range for their age group in wisdom measures. All participants will complete scales measuring the four personal resources and participate in a structured Life Challenges Interview which includes open accounts, specific questions, and rating scales concerning the most important challenges in participants’ lives. Interviews are transcribed and content analyzed. Wise participants are expected to show higher levels of the four MORE resources than control participants in how they describe life challenges, how they have dealt with them, and how they have integrated them in their life stories.

Doctoral student Uwe Redzanowski was hired to help conduct the project in cooperation with a second project entitled, “The Development and Manifestation of Wisdom”, funded by the Austrian research fund, in which two more doctoral students are working. Thus far, scales for assessing (a) most important life events, (b) MORE resources, (c) wisdom (Ardelt, Webster, Levenson scales), and (d) important predictors (intelligence) have been selected and, if necessary, translated into German. A first call for wisdom nomination was issued in the fall of 2008; a second call is being prepared. Those nominators who responded to the first call are being interviewed by telephone about their reasons for nomination and characteristics of the nominee. In preparation for life-story interviews with wisdom nominees, a pilot study of the interview manual is being conducted with elderly individuals (not nominated for wisdom). Recruitment of the control group is still in progress.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom

2020-09-25T11:40:48Z

Chief ed:

[[Heidi Levitt]]

<youtube width="400" height="220"> wuhyi5PZ2U8 </youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220"> dVLyOwNB3ZI </youtube>

==Short Definition==

Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists) or from within a social value system (judges).

==Summary Points==
# Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges).
# Wisdom identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed. As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change.
# This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: psychotherapists and judges.
# Create a hierarchical model of wisdom for each profession.
# Wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups and why it might adopt different forms at times.
# Collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions.
# Process nominations and create a database of nomination.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The study examines wisdom in the context of the judge’s practice of hearing cases and the psychologist’s practice of psychotherapy. Many study-specific findings have recently emerged. However, cross-disciplinary findings suggest that wisdom occurs when actors set aside their own value systems and approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges). The professional’s own values are still brought to bear at certain times, but professional training is an acculturative process in which the adoption of another value system becomes a deeply held personal value.

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom
As wisdom can be understood as a deeper understanding of reality, its identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed (e.g., Robinson, 1990). As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change. Where in pre-modernity the enactment of wisdom may have fallen to religious and community leaders, the shepherds in the contemporary quest for wisdom often fall within secular fields separated from one another (e.g., Giddens, 1990). This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: (1) psychotherapists who offer wisdom on questions of self-development via psychotherapy; and (2) judges who offer wisdom via rulings on how people should interact via hearing cases and making decisions. Professionals who are identified as exemplifying wisdom within these two professional practices will be interviewed. The interviews will be analyzed in two sets using grounded theory method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). A hierarchical model of wisdom will be developed for each profession. By applying a hermeneutic analysis to these two hierarchies, principles then will be developed to show not only how wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups, but why it also might adopt different forms at times.

Levitt has been working with her research team to collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions. Different strategies have been used to reach different professional groups, including sending the call for nominations out to professional groups nationally and regionally, to minority professional organizations in large metropolitan areas, to faculty at universities and judicial colleges, and to journal editorial boards. She has trained three research assistants to process nominations and to create a nomination database. Over 100 nominations of “wise lawyers” and over 250 nominations of “wise psychologists” have been recorded thus far. The nomination database contains information on each nomination (nominators’ professional background, contact information, the basis for their nomination, and the definition of wisdom they used in making their nomination). Also, the database includes data on the nominees (types of law/psychotherapy practiced, and demographic information). The process of inviting and coordinating interviews has begun.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom

2020-09-25T11:39:09Z

Chief ed:

[[Heidi Levitt]]

<youtube width="400" height="220"> wuhyi5PZ2U8 </youtube>
<youtube width="400" height="220"> rJeLqyYmOsE </youtube>

==Short Definition==

Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists) or from within a social value system (judges).

==Summary Points==
# Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges).
# Wisdom identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed. As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change.
# This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: psychotherapists and judges.
# Create a hierarchical model of wisdom for each profession.
# Wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups and why it might adopt different forms at times.
# Collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions.
# Process nominations and create a database of nomination.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The study examines wisdom in the context of the judge’s practice of hearing cases and the psychologist’s practice of psychotherapy. Many study-specific findings have recently emerged. However, cross-disciplinary findings suggest that wisdom occurs when actors set aside their own value systems and approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges). The professional’s own values are still brought to bear at certain times, but professional training is an acculturative process in which the adoption of another value system becomes a deeply held personal value.

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom
As wisdom can be understood as a deeper understanding of reality, its identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed (e.g., Robinson, 1990). As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change. Where in pre-modernity the enactment of wisdom may have fallen to religious and community leaders, the shepherds in the contemporary quest for wisdom often fall within secular fields separated from one another (e.g., Giddens, 1990). This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: (1) psychotherapists who offer wisdom on questions of self-development via psychotherapy; and (2) judges who offer wisdom via rulings on how people should interact via hearing cases and making decisions. Professionals who are identified as exemplifying wisdom within these two professional practices will be interviewed. The interviews will be analyzed in two sets using grounded theory method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). A hierarchical model of wisdom will be developed for each profession. By applying a hermeneutic analysis to these two hierarchies, principles then will be developed to show not only how wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups, but why it also might adopt different forms at times.

Levitt has been working with her research team to collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions. Different strategies have been used to reach different professional groups, including sending the call for nominations out to professional groups nationally and regionally, to minority professional organizations in large metropolitan areas, to faculty at universities and judicial colleges, and to journal editorial boards. She has trained three research assistants to process nominations and to create a nomination database. Over 100 nominations of “wise lawyers” and over 250 nominations of “wise psychologists” have been recorded thus far. The nomination database contains information on each nomination (nominators’ professional background, contact information, the basis for their nomination, and the definition of wisdom they used in making their nomination). Also, the database includes data on the nominees (types of law/psychotherapy practiced, and demographic information). The process of inviting and coordinating interviews has begun.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Knapsack problem

2020-09-25T06:03:16Z

Chief ed: Created page with " This article uses material from the Wikipedia article <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntactic_variable">"Metasyntactic_variable"</a>, which is released under th..."

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasyntactic_variable">"Metasyntactic_variable"</a>, which is released under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0</a>.

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom

2020-09-24T08:54:05Z

Chief ed:

Heidi Levitt

v=wuhyi5PZ2U8
v=rJeLqyYmOsE

==Short Definition==

Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists) or from within a social value system (judges).

==Summary Points==
# Wisdom occurs when actors approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges).
# Wisdom identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed. As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change.
# This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: psychotherapists and judges.
# Create a hierarchical model of wisdom for each profession.
# Wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups and why it might adopt different forms at times.
# Collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions.
# Process nominations and create a database of nomination.

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

The study examines wisdom in the context of the judge’s practice of hearing cases and the psychologist’s practice of psychotherapy. Many study-specific findings have recently emerged. However, cross-disciplinary findings suggest that wisdom occurs when actors set aside their own value systems and approach problems, either from within the value system of the other (psychotherapists), or from within a social value system (judges). The professional’s own values are still brought to bear at certain times, but professional training is an acculturative process in which the adoption of another value system becomes a deeply held personal value.

Principles Toward the Development of Professional Wisdom
As wisdom can be understood as a deeper understanding of reality, its identification is based within an ontological position of what is real, and an epistemological position on how knowledge can be developed (e.g., Robinson, 1990). As these positions shift across eras, the meaning of wisdom can change. Where in pre-modernity the enactment of wisdom may have fallen to religious and community leaders, the shepherds in the contemporary quest for wisdom often fall within secular fields separated from one another (e.g., Giddens, 1990). This project studies the development and functioning of professional wisdom within two professional groups: (1) psychotherapists who offer wisdom on questions of self-development via psychotherapy; and (2) judges who offer wisdom via rulings on how people should interact via hearing cases and making decisions. Professionals who are identified as exemplifying wisdom within these two professional practices will be interviewed. The interviews will be analyzed in two sets using grounded theory method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). A hierarchical model of wisdom will be developed for each profession. By applying a hermeneutic analysis to these two hierarchies, principles then will be developed to show not only how wisdom might be enacted and understood in similar ways across these professional groups, but why it also might adopt different forms at times.

Levitt has been working with her research team to collect nominations of wise professionals from across different forms of practice and perspective across the two professions. Different strategies have been used to reach different professional groups, including sending the call for nominations out to professional groups nationally and regionally, to minority professional organizations in large metropolitan areas, to faculty at universities and judicial colleges, and to journal editorial boards. She has trained three research assistants to process nominations and to create a nomination database. Over 100 nominations of “wise lawyers” and over 250 nominations of “wise psychologists” have been recorded thus far. The nomination database contains information on each nomination (nominators’ professional background, contact information, the basis for their nomination, and the definition of wisdom they used in making their nomination). Also, the database includes data on the nominees (types of law/psychotherapy practiced, and demographic information). The process of inviting and coordinating interviews has begun.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Wisdom Is Compression: Data Compression as a Mathematical Measure of Wisdom

2020-09-24T08:25:07Z

Chief ed:

[[Ankur Gupta]]

==Short Definition==
* Data compression
* Useful only if dispensed in a reasonable time

==Summary Points==
The quantitative measure of wisdom is the compression ratio achieved; the speed of query access is the “in-time" component.

The world is drowning in data, and we are faced with the challenge of understanding it quickly and well. The idea of well-understood varies based on the data we have, but '''the universal goal is to distill the huge amount of information into its most essential components. This filtration process was considered a practical definition of wisdom by a number of thinkers in the Victorian Age.''' In their view, wisdom serves as a verifiable process of cognitive thought with respect to the real world. This pragmatic definition corresponds strongly with the nature of information from a computer scientist’s perspective, and in particular, to the task of compression. In an increasingly technical world, it is of critical importance to update our notions of wisdom to incorporate a new information-processing aspect to wisdom. It is no longer sufficient to consider a model where wisdom is dispensed by a human expert to a single individual. ''Computers can retain huge amounts of information and process it to find the answer to any question contained therein'' -- why disallow the concept of wisdom in this case? Careful organization of the data may address both the speed issue and the quality of the result; '''the organization requiring the least amount of memory capacity may be termed as wisdom'''. In this project, we draw a parallel between the definition of wisdom and compression, which is often achieved by reorganizing data to reduce redundancy.

We pursued a literature survey to define wisdom as applicable to a computing world. The initial thrust focused around developing the idea of '''in-time wisdom''' in literature; that is, the ''notion that wisdom is useless if it is not dispensed in a reasonable time''. We study how to incorporate in-time constraints into our evaluation of the value of wisdom. We approached the claim that wisdom is compression with the development of a novel data structure (and algorithms) for the problem of finding items in an unsorted list of numbers, based on their rank (overall position in the sorted sequence) or value. The data structures involved also progressively sort and compress the input. Further improvement of these results is ongoing. '''The quality of the compression and the speed of access speak to the notion of in-time wisdom'''. The quantitative measure of wisdom is the compression ratio achieved; the speed of query access is the “in-time" component.

The results of this study are being submitted for publication, and are being disseminated on Butler campus through a pilot course on wisdom and data compression (Spring 2009). This course explains the technical basis for data compression, and its connection to the notion of wisdom. Particular emphasis is placed on how wisdom is distinct from information content.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:15:03Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

__NOTOC__

v=WabetWx8YdM
v=O3wPABl_Dsg
v=kDN_asKEkEc

==Summary Points==

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sf
sdf
f

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:13:33Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

__NOTOC__

WabetWx8YdM

==Summary Points==

sdf
sf
sdf
f

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:13:07Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

__NOTOC__

WabetWx8YdM

==Summary Points==

sdf
sf
sdf
f

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:12:05Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

_nTOC_

WabetWx8YdM

==Summary Points==

sdf
sf
sdf
f

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:11:27Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

WabetWx8YdM

==Summary Points==

sdf
sf
sdf
f

==Text from Wisdom Institute==

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:08:54Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

<table >
<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| uLLrUFSpBJM | 250 |left| Lack of mindfulness in decision making}}</td>

<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| LpqorQeueDg| 250 | left | Lack of creativity in governance}}</td></tr>

<tr>
<td width="30%" align="left" valign="top">__TOC__</td><td valign="top" width="70%">{{#ev:youtube| XOtIMk5UaP8 | 250 |right| Lack of empowerment and inspiration in political expression}}</td>

</table>

WabetWx8YdM

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-24T08:06:42Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

WabetWx8YdM

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

Ankur Gupta

2020-09-14T07:44:11Z

Chief ed:

Lecturer, Computer Science
Butler University, United States

Ankur Gupta is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Software Engineering at Butler University. He finished his PhD from Duke University in 2007 under the guidance of Dean Jeffrey Scott Vitter. Prior to that, he finished a Bachelors in Mathematics, a Bachelors in Computer Science, and a Masters in Computer Science from the University of Texas at Dallas in 2000. His research interests are broadly in the area of design and analysis of algorithms and data structures, with recent application to such topics as data compression, text indexing, and dynamic and streaming data.

Source: [[Center for Practical Wisdom]], University of Chicago

[[Category: Wisdom Scientists]]

Ankur Gupta

2020-09-14T07:36:54Z

Chief ed:

Lecturer, Computer Science
Butler University, United States

Ankur Gupta is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Software Engineering at Butler University. He finished his PhD from Duke University in 2007 under the guidance of Dean Jeffrey Scott Vitter. Prior to that, he finished a Bachelors in Mathematics, a Bachelors in Computer Science, and a Masters in Computer Science from the University of Texas at Dallas in 2000. His research interests are broadly in the area of design and analysis of algorithms and data structures, with recent application to such topics as data compression, text indexing, and dynamic and streaming data.

Source: Center for Practical Wisdom, University of Chicago

[[Category: Wisdom Scientists]]

Category:Wisdom Scientists

2020-09-14T07:32:10Z

Chief ed: Created page with "Scientists who do research, publish, or have otherwise dealt with the subject of wisdom."

Scientists who do research, publish, or have otherwise dealt with the subject of wisdom.

Ankur Gupta

2020-09-14T07:30:57Z

Chief ed:

Category:Wisdom Definitions

2020-09-14T07:20:52Z

Chief ed: Created page with "This Category is to keep together all articles that contain definitions of wisdom."

This Category is to keep together all articles that contain definitions of wisdom.

Wisdom Is Compression: Data Compression as a Mathematical Measure of Wisdom

2020-09-14T07:20:03Z

Chief ed:

[[Ankur Gupta]]

The world is drowning in data, and we are faced with the challenge of understanding it quickly and well. The idea of well-understood varies based on the data we have, but '''the universal goal is to distill the huge amount of information into its most essential components. This filtration process was considered a practical definition of wisdom by a number of thinkers in the Victorian Age.''' In their view, wisdom serves as a verifiable process of cognitive thought with respect to the real world. This pragmatic definition corresponds strongly with the nature of information from a computer scientist’s perspective, and in particular, to the task of compression. In an increasingly technical world, it is of critical importance to update our notions of wisdom to incorporate a new information-processing aspect to wisdom. It is no longer sufficient to consider a model where wisdom is dispensed by a human expert to a single individual. ''Computers can retain huge amounts of information and process it to find the answer to any question contained therein'' -- why disallow the concept of wisdom in this case? Careful organization of the data may address both the speed issue and the quality of the result; '''the organization requiring the least amount of memory capacity may be termed as wisdom'''. In this project, we draw a parallel between the definition of wisdom and compression, which is often achieved by reorganizing data to reduce redundancy.

We pursued a literature survey to define wisdom as applicable to a computing world. The initial thrust focused around developing the idea of '''in-time wisdom''' in literature; that is, the ''notion that wisdom is useless if it is not dispensed in a reasonable time''. We study how to incorporate in-time constraints into our evaluation of the value of wisdom. We approached the claim that wisdom is compression with the development of a novel data structure (and algorithms) for the problem of finding items in an unsorted list of numbers, based on their rank (overall position in the sorted sequence) or value. The data structures involved also progressively sort and compress the input. Further improvement of these results is ongoing. '''The quality of the compression and the speed of access speak to the notion of in-time wisdom'''. The quantitative measure of wisdom is the compression ratio achieved; the speed of query access is the “in-time" component.

The results of this study are being submitted for publication, and are being disseminated on Butler campus through a pilot course on wisdom and data compression (Spring 2009). This course explains the technical basis for data compression, and its connection to the notion of wisdom. Particular emphasis is placed on how wisdom is distinct from information content.

https://wisdomcenter.uchicago.edu/about/project-1-defining-wisdom

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

All the Wiser: Wisdom from a System Dynamics Perspective

2020-09-14T07:18:01Z

Chief ed:

[[Seana Moran]]
Research Fellow, Stanford Center on Adolescence
Stanford University, United States

[[Michael Connell]]
Principal, Institute for Knowledge Design
Stanford University, United States

Wisdom is a dynamic, situated phenomenon. We view it as an outcome of recognizing the leverage points within a system and making decisions by taking into account the implications for oneself, others, and the greater good. '''Wisdom occurs from the interaction of individuals’ perceptions, decisions, reflections, and actions over iterations of situations. The implications of this research involve finding and understanding these leverage points, which can be used by one “wise man” person with access and insight into the system, or which can be implemented through the distributed efforts of many people functioning under relatively simple system rules via trust and cooperation.''' This “All the Wiser” study uses an interactive simulation to test a model of wisdom that incorporates data from three perspectives—self, others, and system. The specific goal of this initial research project is to create, test, and pilot a minimal prototype to determine whether this approach is fruitful for understanding from a systems perspective what wisdom is, how it occurs, and how it can be cultivated. Data collected from the players’ moves in the simulated environment are analyzed with exploratory analyses, principal components analyses, and power analyses. This will enable them to determine the structure of the data, assess data and theory coherence, and determine sufficient sample size for a random-effects multilevel model.

During the fall 2008, Dr. Moran and Dr. Connell focused on simulator dynamics and data analytic strategy. This involved reviews of literature related to wisdom, group cognition, economic games, economics of energy, and educational simulators. The primary task was devising coupled equations for the simulator that determines the dynamics for game play—that is, how the players’ decisions about energy budget create a realistic cascade of effects related to world oil demand and pricing, and related to several other variables of each player’s country (i.e. gross domestic product, standard of living, pollution levels, and citizen “happiness”). In addition, Moran and Connell planned how simulator variables will affect research variables related to wisdom, reasoning, and social interaction.

Their more recent efforts include writing the technical specifications for the user interface and database (that stores information collected during simulator play), continuing to model simulator dynamics, finalizing the data analytic plan, and setting up the internet connection between the simulator and the external measure of wisdom, the Reasoning about Current Issues Test (Kitchener, King, & Wood, 2000). The primary focus was designing the appearance and content of the computer screens, which creates the simulation experience. The second focus was on testing computer models in order to explore how simulator data would interact with drive play. Although it is much more simplified than the real-world experience, the assumptions of the simulator were matched to real‐world parameters to the furthest extent.

[[Category:Wisdom Definitions]]

User talk:Katerinakako1998

2020-09-14T07:12:20Z

Chief ed: Welcome!

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2020-09-14T07:12:20Z

Chief ed: Creating user page for new user.

Mediterraneo Hospital- Have been a close observer/ learner at hospital's laboratories, more specifically at the microbiological and the biochemical lab.
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Wisdom Is Compression: Data Compression as a Mathematical Measure of Wisdom

2020-09-11T11:12:04Z

Chief ed: