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'''Technique''' is a <u>procedure or skill</u> for completing a specific task. It is the final skilful execution, on a point-to-point basis, from start point to endpoint. | |||
Examples: | |||
* If a classroom is becoming distracted, a teacher may use the technique to use a quick physical activity to distract their distraction and get them all to do the same thing at the same time. | |||
* An SDD Facilitator's technique of standing in front of each participant and making eye contact while they explain their idea empowers them. | |||
'''Method''' is a way something is done. It is the executable process or procedure, with all the specific and prioritised tasks that anyone can assign to get the process or procedure to work. | |||
Examples | |||
* The recipe that I found in the cookbook had different ways to cook the potatoes, but I chose the baking method in the oven. | |||
* The “round robin” method generates and develops ideas in a group brainstorming setting. It relies on an iterative process building off consecutive contributions by each participant, conducted in either written or verbal variations. | |||
'''Methodology''' is a higher-order term than methods. | |||
OR and [[systems thinking]], use the term methodology to describe an <u>organized set of methods and techniques</u> employed to intervene in and change real-world problem situations. | |||
Methodology can provide the bridge between theory and practice, ensuring that theory is turned into practical action and allowing reflection back on theory, stemming from the results of that action. | |||
Methods are then defined as <u>tools used by methodologies for limited purposes</u>. They may, therefore, be detachable from a particular methodology and the theory that lies behind it. Models, procedures and techniques are examples of methods. Thus, the robin-round approach to collecting ideas in [[Structured Democratic Dialogue]], the particilar approach used to cluster ideas, the [[Interpretive Structural Modeling]] used for mapping are all methods. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| Methods | |||
|Tools used by methodologies for limited purposes.<br> Can be detached from a particular methodology and the theory that lies behind it. | |||
|- | |||
| Methodology | |||
|Higher-order term.<br>Can provide the bridge between theory and practice. | |||
|} | |||
Jackson argued (Jackson, 2000) that it is particularaly insightful to link methodology closely to theory and to see different principles of method use as related to different theoretical positions. | Jackson argued (Jackson, 2000) that it is particularaly insightful to link methodology closely to theory and to see different principles of method use as related to different theoretical positions. | ||
The above distinctions were necessary because, for example, Rosenhead (2001) and Rosenhead & Mingers (2001) use the terms interchangeably, thus creating some confusion. | |||
(Source: Jackson, 2000) | (Source: Jackson, 2000) | ||
==References== | ==References== |